呼和浩特膜(mo)結構(gou)(gou)工程(cheng)結算是整個工程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)造價控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)收尾(wei)階段，膜(mo)結構(gou)(gou)基礎工程(cheng)造價因(yin)其(qi)在整個工程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)造價中(zhong)所占比例較(jiao)小，而往往沒有引起(qi)(qi)造價人員的(de)(de)足夠注(zhu)意。實際上，承包商常(chang)常(chang)是從這一分部分項(xiang)工程(cheng)中(zhong)獲取額外的(de)(de)利潤；同時，膜(mo)結構(gou)(gou)基礎工程(cheng)造價因(yin)其(qi)特殊性(xing)，造價控(kong)制(zhi)有一定的(de)(de)難度，引起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)糾紛(fen)也較(jiao)多。

那么,都哪(na)些元素(su)還影響膜結構工程的(de)造價呢?

1．由(you)于膜(mo)結(jie)構建設工程一般工期較(jiao)短，而(er)(er)基(ji)礎工程在施工初期階段現(xian)場施工條件比較(jiao)復雜，膜(mo)結(jie)構工程各方管理(li)又不(bu)健全，往往給結(jie)算(suan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)帶(dai)來很(hen)大差異。在實際結(jie)算(suan)工作中經常會出現(xian)由(you)于現(xian)場基(ji)礎軋鋼筋、調配(pei)等方面管理(li)不(bu)善造(zao)(zao)(zao)成結(jie)算(suan)造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)的大幅度上(shang)漲，這種由(you)于對(dui)現(xian)場情況預計(ji)不(bu)足、管理(li)不(bu)善而(er)(er)造(zao)(zao)(zao)成的二(er)次調整、三次調整的情況在實際工程中經常發生(sheng)，使膜(mo)結(jie)構基(ji)礎工程造(zao)(zao)(zao)價(jia)很(hen)難控制。

2．膜結(jie)構基礎(chu)工(gong)程屬于(yu)隱蔽(bi)工(gong)程，如果沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)隱蔽(bi)工(gong)程記(ji)錄，對設計(ji)(ji)變(bian)更、工(gong)程聯系單(dan)等未辦理(li)相應的(de)(de)簽證(zheng)或以書面形式(shi)加以確認，必將影(ying)響結(jie)算階段(duan)的(de)(de)計(ji)(ji)價工(gong)作。工(gong)程管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員的(de)(de)流動性也較大(da)，有(you)(you)時甚至(zhi)會(hui)出(chu)現工(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)目結(jie)束(shu)，整(zheng)個(ge)甲方的(de)(de)現場管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員全部(bu)流失(shi)的(de)(de)情況。如果沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)完整(zheng)的(de)(de)隱蔽(bi)工(gong)程記(ji)錄，沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)對設計(ji)(ji)變(bian)更、工(gong)程聯系單(dan)的(de)(de)工(gong)作內容是否已按(an)要求施工(gong)進行(xing)確認，就會(hui)出(chu)現工(gong)作量(liang)無法(fa)認可的(de)(de)情況，使得結(jie)算工(gong)作非常被(bei)動。因隱蔽(bi)工(gong)程記(ji)錄對此(ci)無記(ji)載，其他(ta)竣(jun)工(gong)資料也沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)反(fan)應，偏(pian)(pian)偏(pian)(pian)整(zheng)個(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)目的(de)(de)工(gong)程管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員在項(xiang)(xiang)目結(jie)束(shu)后(hou)都(dou)已離職，故此(ci)部(bu)分基礎(chu)工(gong)程的(de)(de)結(jie)算爭議相當大(da)，只能是折中(zhong)處理(li)，沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)做到客觀、真實的(de)(de)完成(cheng)計(ji)(ji)價工(gong)作。

3．由于(yu)膜(mo)結構工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序、方法、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)、季節性施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等原(yuan)因給造價(jia)帶來的(de)(de)差異。實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)編制(zhi)的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方案是大的(de)(de)膜(mo)結構項(xiang)目(mu)基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)采用(yong)機(ji)械(xie)破除地(di)面，根(gen)據有(you)關施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)規范的(de)(de)規定(ding)(ding)，基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)機(ji)械(xie)挖(wa)土時(shi)，為(wei)防止超挖(wa)及(ji)對基(ji)(ji)底(di)原(yuan)土的(de)(de)擾動，只能開(kai)挖(wa)至基(ji)(ji)底(di)以(yi)上30cm，用(yong)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)挖(wa)土完成剩余的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎破除地(di)面工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。因此，實(shi)際(ji)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)在已經平整好的(de)(de)場(chang)地(di)進行基(ji)(ji)坑(keng)機(ji)械(xie)挖(wa)土，挖(wa)到離設計(ji)基(ji)(ji)底(di)標高20-30cm處改用(yong)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)挖(wa)土。因此甲(jia)方計(ji)價(jia)人員(yuan)將這20—30cm的(de)(de)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)挖(wa)土套場(chang)地(di)平整項(xiang)目(mu)，而施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)(wei)計(ji)價(jia)人員(yuan)則認(ren)為(wei)應套機(ji)械(xie)挖(wa)土。由于(yu)定(ding)(ding)額(e)的(de)(de)計(ji)價(jia)規則對此無(wu)明確規定(ding)(ding)，結果出現爭議(yi)。

4．由于基(ji)礎工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)所處(chu)的(de)地(di)(di)理條件(jian)復雜，地(di)(di)質勘測(ce)(ce)取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)數(shu)量(liang)不(bu)足、可靠性不(bu)高和圖形的(de)不(bu)規則給工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)量(liang)的(de)計算(suan)帶來差異。基(ji)礎工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)是(shi)項目開發初期的(de)第一步工(gong)(gong)作，往(wang)往(wang)由于項目用地(di)(di)的(de)地(di)(di)理條件(jian)復雜(例如山地(di)(di)、坡地(di)(di))、地(di)(di)址勘測(ce)(ce)取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)數(shu)量(liang)不(bu)足(取(qu)樣(yang)(yang)點(dian)間距過大，不(bu)能(neng)準確(que)反映(ying)實際地(di)(di)質地(di)(di)貌)等原(yuan)因，影響(xiang)了竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)圖紙的(de)準確(que)性，從而使得膜結構基(ji)礎工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)量(liang)計算(suan)不(bu)夠(gou)準確(que)。